Fructose is a simple ketonic monosaccharide found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose.

Fructose, at low concentrations do not cause any significant increase of Tissue factor (TF)-mRNA levels. On the contrary, higher Fructose concentrations cause increase in TF mRNA levels at 60 min, as compare to unstimulated cells. Increasing Fructose concentrations causes significant decrease of tPA-mRNA levels. SOD significantly prevents Fructose induced NF-κB activation which is associated with the parallel reduction of Fructose-induced TF expression/activity^[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In mice fed 0% Fructose, portal (0.060±0.006 mM, overall mean for all time points) and systemic (0.030±0.003 mM) Fructose concentrations do not vary with time after feeding. In contrast, portal concentrations in wild-type mice consuming 20% Fructose increase by more than twofold from time (t)=0 to t=1 h after feeding (~0.13 mM). Likewise, systemic serum Fructose goes from 0.037 at t=0 to 0.13 mM 1 h after feeding. Fasted (t=0) serum Fructose in the 20% group is similar to postprandial concentrations in the 0% mice for both portal and systemic levels, suggesting that the baseline Fructose concentration during fasting is not affected by diet. Serum Fructose concentrations in KHK^-/- mice are 5- to 100-fold greater than those in wild-type mice for the same diet, time, and sample location. Mean (for all time points) portal and systemic glucose concentrations in mice fed 20% Fructose are ~3 (P=0.004) and ~2 (P=0.04) mM greater, respectively, than those in mice fed 0%. Systemic Fructose concentrations are approximately threefold greater in KHK^-/- mice fed Fructose compare with those fed glucose, but are similar between glucose- and Fructose-fed wild-type mice^[2].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

180.16

C₆H₁₂O₆

7660-25-5

果糖

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

H₂O : 100 mg/mL (555.06 mM; Need ultrasonic)

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (555.06 mM)

* “≥” means soluble, but saturation unknown.

请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。
储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month。-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解方案。以下溶解方案都请先按照 In Vitro 方式配制澄清的储备液，再依次添加助溶剂：

——为保证实验结果的可靠性，澄清的储备液可以根据储存条件，适当保存；体内实验的工作液，建议您现用现配，当天使用； 以下溶剂前显示的百
分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比；如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象，可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶

• 1.

  请依序添加每种溶剂：;PBS

  Solubility: 100 mg/mL (555.06 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
• 2.

  请依序添加每种溶剂：;10% DMSO ;; 40% PEG300 ;; 5% Tween-80 ;; 45% saline

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.88 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.88 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀；然后继续加入 450 μL生理盐水定容至 1 mL。

  将 0.9 g 氯化钠，完全溶解于 100 mL ddH₂O 中，得到澄清透明的生理盐水溶液

• 3.

  请依序添加每种溶剂：;10% DMSO ;; 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.88 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.88 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL 20% 的 SBE-β-CD 生理盐水水溶液中，混合均匀。

  将 2 g 磺丁基醚 β-环糊精加入 5 mL 生理盐水中，再用生理盐水定容至 10 mL，完全溶解，澄清透明
• 4.

  请依序添加每种溶剂：;10% DMSO ;; 90% corn oil

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.88 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.88 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液，此方案不适用于实验周期在半个月以上的实验。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL玉米油中，混合均匀。

• [1]. Cirillo P, et al. Fructose induces prothrombotic phenotype in human endothelial cells : A new role for “added sugar” in cardio-metabolic risk. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2015 Nov;40(4):444-51.

  [2]. Patel C, et al. Effect of dietary fructose on portal and systemic serum fructose levels in rats and in KHK-/- and GLUT5-/- mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2015 Nov 1;309(9):G779-90.

HUVECs are incubated with Fructose (0.25, 1 and 2.5 mM) for 30 min. Then, cells are washed with PBS and then fresh medium is added. Total mRNA is extracted by cell cultures using TRIzol reagent, at baseline and 60 min after Fructose stimulation and Tissue factor (TF) mRNA levels are examined by realtime reverse transcription (RT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In positive control experiments, HUVECs are incubated with LPS (50 μg/mL), for 30 min and then mRNA is extracted at 60 min^[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

50 young adult (7-wk-old) male C57BL6 wild-type mice (~18 g) are divided into 10 cages and acclimatized to a reversed light cycle. Mice are fed a nonpurified commercial diet ad libitum for the first 4 days. On the 5th day and then throughout the experiment, diets are removed at 2001 (lights on) and returned at 0801 (lights off). For days 8 to 14, diets are switched to pellets containing either 0% Fructose, 10% sucrose, 20% glucose (termed as “0% Fructose”) or 20% Fructose, 10% sucrose, or 0% glucose (20% Fructose). On the 15th day, mice are killed at 0800 before feeding and 0900, 1030, 1200, and 1530 during the dark phase, with n=5 for each time point and diet^[2].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

• [1]. Cirillo P, et al. Fructose induces prothrombotic phenotype in human endothelial cells : A new role for “added sugar” in cardio-metabolic risk. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2015 Nov;40(4):444-51.

  [2]. Patel C, et al. Effect of dietary fructose on portal and systemic serum fructose levels in rats and in KHK-/- and GLUT5-/- mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2015 Nov 1;309(9):G779-90.