Apamin (Apamine) is an 18 amino acid peptide neurotoxin found in apitoxin (bee venom), is known as a specifically selective blocker of Ca2+-activated K+ (SK) channels and exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activity[1].
IC50 Target
K+ channel[1]
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Apamin (0.5-2 µg/mL; 24 hours; HSC-T6 cells) treatment markedly reduces the expression of α-SMA in the TGF-β1-induced HSC-T6 cells. Apamin treatment abrogats the activation of p-Smad2/3 and Smad4 induced by TGF-β1[1].
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Western Blot Analysis[1]
Cell Line:
HSC-T6 cells
Concentration:
0.5 µg/mL, 1 µg/mL and 2 µg/mL
Incubation Time:
24 hours
Result:
Markedly reduced the expression of α-SMA in the TGF-β1-induced HSC-T6 cells. Abrogated the activation of p-Smad2/3 and Smad4 induced by TGF-β1.
体内研究 (In Vivo)
Apamin (0.1 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; twice a week; for 4 weeks; C57BL/6 male mice) treatment results in decreased liver injury and proinflammatory cytokine levels. Apamin suppresses the deposition of collagen, proliferation of BECs and expression of fibrogenic genes in the 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC)-fed mice[1].
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Model:
8-week-old C57BL/6 male mice (20-25 g) with DDC feeding[1]
Dosage:
0.1 mg/kg
Administration:
Intraperitoneal injection; twice a week; for 4 weeks
Result:
Resulted in decreased liver injury and proinflammatory cytokine levels. Suppressed the deposition of collagen, proliferation of BECs and expression of fibrogenic genes in the DDC-fed mice.
Apamin TFA (Apamine TFA) is an 18 amino acid peptide neurotoxin found in apitoxin (bee venom), is known as a specifically selective blocker of Ca2+-activated K+ (SK) channels and exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activity[1].
IC50 Target
K+ channel[1]
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Apamin (0.5-2 µg/mL; 24 hours; HSC-T6 cells) treatment markedly reduces the expression of α-SMA in the TGF-β1-induced HSC-T6 cells. Apamin treatment abrogats the activation of p-Smad2/3 and Smad4 induced by TGF-β1[1].
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Western Blot Analysis[1]
Cell Line:
HSC-T6 cells
Concentration:
0.5 µg/mL, 1 µg/mL and 2 µg/mL
Incubation Time:
24 hours
Result:
Markedly reduced the expression of α-SMA in the TGF-β1-induced HSC-T6 cells. Abrogated the activation of p-Smad2/3 and Smad4 induced by TGF-β1.
体内研究 (In Vivo)
Apamin (0.1 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; twice a week; for 4 weeks; C57BL/6 male mice) treatment results in decreased liver injury and proinflammatory cytokine levels. Apamin suppresses the deposition of collagen, proliferation of BECs and expression of fibrogenic genes in the 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC)-fed mice[1].
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Model:
8-week-old C57BL/6 male mice (20-25 g) with DDC feeding[1]
Dosage:
0.1 mg/kg
Administration:
Intraperitoneal injection; twice a week; for 4 weeks
Result:
Resulted in decreased liver injury and proinflammatory cytokine levels. Suppressed the deposition of collagen, proliferation of BECs and expression of fibrogenic genes in the DDC-fed mice.