GLP-1(32-36)amide TFA，一种衍生自糖调节激素 GLP-1 的 C 末端的五肽。GLP-1(32-36)amide TFA 可抑制糖尿病小鼠的体重增加并调节全身葡萄糖代谢。
| 生物活性 |
GLP-1(32-36)amide TFA, a pentapeptide, derived from the C terminus of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1. GLP-1(32-36)amide TFA could inhibit weight gain and modulate whole body glucose metabolism in diabetic mice[1][2].
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体外研究
(In Vitro) |
GLP-1(32-36)amide (0.1-10 μM; 24 h) retains cell viability and decreases apoptosis against Streptozotocin (STZ; 1 μM) in INS‐1 cells[2].
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Cell Viability Assay[2]
| Cell Line: |
INS‐1 cells |
| Concentration: |
0.1, 1, 10 μM |
| Incubation Time: |
24 hours |
| Result: |
Decreased cell viability only approximately 30% in 0.1 μM and approximately 20% in ≥1 μM while approximately 45% in saline-treated controls. |
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体内研究
(In Vivo) |
GLP-1(32-36)amide (1 μmol/kg; i.p. once daily for 21 d) protects islet from damage, inhibits weight gain, and relieves symptoms of polydipsia in diabetic mice[2].
GLP-1(32-36)amide (1 μmol/kg; a single i.p.) slightly reduces the mean glucose lever at 30 min after the challenge of glucose in normal mice[2].
GLP-1(32-36)amide (50-70 nmol/kg/d; infusion for 12-16 weeks) prevents the development of diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis in high fat-fed mice[3].
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
| Animal Model: |
Male KM mice (6-8 weeks; 18-22 g) injected with STZ[2] |
| Dosage: |
1 μmol/kg |
| Administration: |
1 μmol/kg |
| Result: |
Significantly lowered the cumulative values of food and water intake.
Lowered fasting glucose.
Reduced the level of Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).
Improved glucose tolerance.
Suppressed body weight gain. |
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| 分子量 |
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| Formula |
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| Sequence |
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| Sequence Shortening |
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| 运输条件 |
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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| 储存方式 |
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
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| Solvent Solubility |
In Vitro:;
H2O
Peptide Solubility and Storage Guidelines:
1.;;Calculate the length of the peptide.
2.;;Calculate the overall charge of the entire peptide according to the following table:
| ; |
Contents |
Assign value |
| Acidic amino acid |
Asp (D), Glu (E), and the C-terminal -COOH. |
-1 |
| Basic amino acid |
Arg (R), Lys (K), His (H), and the N-terminal -NH2 |
+1 |
| Neutral amino acid |
Gly (G), Ala (A), Leu (L), Ile (I), Val (V), Cys (C), Met (M), Thr (T), Ser (S), Phe (F), Tyr (Y), Trp (W), Pro (P), Asn (N), Gln (Q) |
0 |
3.;;Recommended solution:
| Overall charge of peptide |
Details |
| Negative (lt;0) |
1.;;Try to dissolve the peptide in water first.
2.;;If water fails, add NH4OH (lt;50 μL).
3.;;If the peptide still does not dissolve, add DMSO (50-100 μL) to solubilize the peptide. |
| Positive (gt;0) |
1.;;Try to dissolve the peptide in water first.
2.;;If water fails, try dissolving the peptide in a 10%-30% acetic acid solution.
3.;;If the peptide still does not dissolve, try dissolving the peptide in a small amount of DMSO. |
| Zero (=0) |
1.;;Try to dissolve the peptide in organic solvent (acetonitrile, methanol, etc.) first.
2.;;For very hydrophobic peptides, try dissolving the peptide in a small amount of DMSO, and then dilute the solution with water to the desired concentration. |
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| 参考文献 |
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[1]. Elahi D, et, al. GLP-1(32-36)amide, a novel pentapeptide cleavage product of GLP-1, modulates whole body glucose metabolism in dogs. Peptides. 2014 Sep;59:20-4.
[2]. Sun L, et, al. Novel Pentapeptide GLP-1 (32-36) Amide Inhibits β-Cell Apoptosis In Vitro and Improves Glucose Disposal in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice. Chem Biol Drug Des. 2015 Dec;86(6):1482-90.
[3]. Tomas E, et, al. GLP-1(32-36)amide Pentapeptide Increases Basal Energy Expenditure and Inhibits Weight Gain in Obese Mice. Diabetes. 2015 Jul;64(7):2409-19.
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