Morusin is a prenylated flavonoid isolated from M. australis with various biological activities, such as antitumor, antioxidant, and anti-bacteria property. Morusin could inhibit NF-κB and STAT3 activity.

Morusin exhibits a dose- and time-dependent inhibitory effect on murine and human breast cancer cells. IC₅₀ is 9.48 μg/mL for normal mammary epithelial cells (MCF-10A); 2.03 and 1.87 μg/mL for murine breast cancer cells (4 T1 and EMT6); and 2.71 and 3.86 μg/mL for human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231), respectively, the maximal inhibition of cell growth (>80 %) is obtained at 8 μg/mL. The apoptotic cells in morusin treated breast cancer cells are increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner^[1]. Morusin significantly inhibits the growth and clonogenicity of human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells. Morusin also inhibits the phosphorylation of IKK-α, IKK-βand IκB-β, increases expression of IκB-α, and suppresses nuclear translocation of NF-κB and its DNA binding activity. Dephosphorylation of NF-κB upstream regulators PI3K, Akt and PDK1 is also displayed. In addition, activation of caspase-8, change of mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c and Smac/DIABLO, and activation of caspase-9 and -3 are observed at the early time point. Downregulation in the expression of Ku70 and XIAP is exhibited afterward^[2]. Morusin suppresses viability of prostate cancer cells, but little effect in normal human prostate epithelial cells. Morusin also reduces STAT3 activity by inhibiting its phosphorylation, nuclear accumulation, and DNA binding activity. In addition, morusin down-regulated expression of STAT3 target genes encoding Bcl-xL, Bcl-2, Survivin, c-Myc and Cyclin D1. It induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells by reducing STAT3 activity^[3].

Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Morusin retards the growth of breast cancer significantly. Mean tumor weight of the control mice is 1.14±0.30 g, and those of the mice administrated with 5 and 10 mg/kg of morusin are 0.61±0.23 and 0.41±0.10 g, respectively, tumor inhibitory rates are 46.5 %, and 64.1 %, respectively^[1].

Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

420.45

C₂₅H₂₄O₆

62596-29-6

桑辛素；桑根白皮素

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

In Vitro: 

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (237.84 mM)

* “≥” means soluble, but saturation unknown.

*

请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。
储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month。-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。

In Vivo:

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解方案。以下溶解方案都请先按照 In Vitro 方式配制澄清的储备液，再依次添加助溶剂：

——为保证实验结果的可靠性，澄清的储备液可以根据储存条件，适当保存；体内实验的工作液，建议您现用现配，当天使用； 以下溶剂前显示的百
分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比；如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象，可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶

• 1.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% saline

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.95 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.95 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀；然后继续加入 450 μL生理盐水定容至 1 mL。

  将 0.9 g 氯化钠，完全溶解于 100 mL ddH₂O 中，得到澄清透明的生理盐水溶液

• 2.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.95 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.95 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL 20% 的 SBE-β-CD 生理盐水水溶液中，混合均匀。

  将 2 g 磺丁基醚 β-环糊精加入 5 mL 生理盐水中，再用生理盐水定容至 10 mL，完全溶解，澄清透明

• [1]. Li H, et al. Morusin suppresses breast cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo through C/EBPβ and PPARγ mediated lipoapoptosis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2015 Nov 4;34:137.

  [2]. Lee JC, et al. Morusin induces apoptosis and suppresses NF-kappaB activity in human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008 Jul 18;372(1):236-42.

  [3]. Lim SL, et al. Morusin induces cell death through inactivating STAT3 signaling in prostate cancer cells. Am J Cancer Res. 2014 Dec 15;5(1):289-99.

The cytotoxicity of morusin against human normal mammary epithelial cells and murine breast cancer cells (4 T1 and EMT6) and human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) is tested by modified MTT assay [23]. Cells are treated with various concentrations of morusin (1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 μg/mL). After treatment with morusin for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days, 20 μL MTT (pH 4.7) is added to each well, and cultivated for another 4 h, 100 μL of 10 % SDS/0.01 N HCl is added and incubated at 37 °C overnight to dissolve the formazan. Absorbance is measured at 570 nm^[1].

Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Mice: Two treatment group mice are injected with 5 and 10 mg/kg of morusin i.p. three times weekly for 4 weeks, respectively, and the control mice are injected with DMSO. During the experiment, mice are weighted, and tumor volumes are measured weekly using calipers and their volumes are calculated^[1].

Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

• [1]. Li H, et al. Morusin suppresses breast cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo through C/EBPβ and PPARγ mediated lipoapoptosis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2015 Nov 4;34:137.

  [2]. Lee JC, et al. Morusin induces apoptosis and suppresses NF-kappaB activity in human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008 Jul 18;372(1):236-42.

  [3]. Lim SL, et al. Morusin induces cell death through inactivating STAT3 signaling in prostate cancer cells. Am J Cancer Res. 2014 Dec 15;5(1):289-99.