Vitamin K1 a naturally occurring vitamin required for blood coagulation and bone and vascular metabolism.

Phylloquinone (Vitamin K1) is a prenylated naphthoquinone that is synthesized exclusively by plants, green algae, and some species of cyanobacteria, where it serves as a vital electron carrier in photosystem I and as an electron acceptor for the formation of protein disulfide bonds. In humans and other vertebrates, phylloquinone plays the role of a vitamin (vitamin K1) that is required for blood coagulation and bone and vascular metabolism. Phylloquinone from green leafy vegetables and vegetable oil represents the major dietary source of vitamin K for humans^[1]. Vitamin K1 treatment causes a significant antiproliferative effect and induces apoptosis in Caco-2, HT-29, and SW480 cell lines, with the involvement of the MAPK pathway. A concomitant and significant decrease in the polyamine biosynthesis occurr^[2].

Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Subjects who increase their dietary intake of vitamin K during the follow-up had a 51% reduced risk of incident diabetes compared with subjects who decrease or does not change the amount of phylloquinone intake^[3]. Vitamin K supplementation reverses the high fat diet induced bone deterioration by modulating osteoblast and osteoclast activities and prevent bone loss in a high-fat diet-induced obese mice^[4]. Application of vitamin K1 to the skin has been used for suppression of pigmentation and resolution of bruising. The effects produced by the topical vitamin K1 shows significant healing when compared with control group in parameters such as wound contraction, epithelialization period, hydroxyproline content and tensile strength^[5].

Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

450.70

C₃₁H₄₆O₂

84-80-0

维生素 K1；叶绿醌

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Ethanol : ≥ 50 mg/mL (110.94 mM)

DMSO : 5.6 mg/mL (12.43 mM; Need ultrasonic and warming)

* “≥” means soluble, but saturation unknown.

请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。
储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month。-80°C 储存时，请在 6 个月内使用，-20°C 储存时，请在 1 个月内使用。

请根据您的实验动物和给药方式选择适当的溶解方案。以下溶解方案都请先按照 In Vitro 方式配制澄清的储备液，再依次添加助溶剂：

——为保证实验结果的可靠性，澄清的储备液可以根据储存条件，适当保存；体内实验的工作液，建议您现用现配，当天使用； 以下溶剂前显示的百
分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比；如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象，可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶

• 1.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% EtOH    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% saline

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.55 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.55 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 EtOH 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中，混合均匀；向上述体系中加入50 μL Tween-80，混合均匀；然后继续加入 450 μL生理盐水定容至 1 mL。

  将 0.9 g 氯化钠，完全溶解于 100 mL ddH₂O 中，得到澄清透明的生理盐水溶液

• 2.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% EtOH    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)

  Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (5.55 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

  此方案可获得 2.5 mg/mL (5.55 mM) 的均匀悬浊液，悬浊液可用于口服和腹腔注射。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 EtOH 储备液加到 900 μL 20% 的 SBE-β-CD 生理盐水水溶液中，混合均匀。

  将 2 g 磺丁基醚 β-环糊精加入 5 mL 生理盐水中，再用生理盐水定容至 10 mL，完全溶解，澄清透明
• 3.

  请依序添加每种溶剂： 10% EtOH    90% corn oil

  Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.55 mM); Clear solution

  此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.55 mM，饱和度未知) 的澄清溶液，此方案不适用于实验周期在半个月以上的实验。

  以 1 mL 工作液为例，取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 EtOH 储备液加到 900 μL玉米油中，混合均匀。

• [1]. Basset GJ, et al. Phylloquinone (Vitamin K1): Occurrence, Biosynthesis and Functions. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2016 Jun 22.

  [2]. Orlando A, et al. Vitamin K1 exerts antiproliferative effects and induces apoptosis in three differently graded human colon cancer cell lines. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:296721.

  [3]. Ibarrola-Jurado N, et al. Dietary phylloquinone intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in elderly subjects at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Nov;96(5):1113-8.

  [4]. Kim M, et al. Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) and K2 (menaquinone-4) supplementation improves bone formation in a high-fat diet-induced obese mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2013 Sep;53(2):108-13.

  [5]. Hemmati AA, et al. Topical vitamin K1 promotes repair of full thickness wound in rat. Indian J Pharmacol. 2014 Jul-Aug;46(4):409-12.

Caco-2, HT-29, and SW480 cells are treated with increasing concentrations of vitamin K1 (10, 50, 100, and 200 μM) for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. MTT is added to each dish and incubated for 2 h at 37°C. At the end of the incubation period, the medium is removed. The plate is read at 570 nM^[2].

Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Rats: For inducing full-thickness wound in rats, the excisional wound model is used. Five groups consisting of 8 rats each are used. Vitamin K cream (1% and 2%, w/w) is prepared in eucerin base and applied on the wound once a day until complete healing had occurred. Healing is defined by decreased wound margin (wound contraction), re-epithelialization, tensile strength and hydroxyproline content. Histopathological examination is also done^[5].

Mice: Four-week-old C57BL/6J male mice are fed a 10% fat normal diet group or a 45% kcal high-fat diet group, with or without 200 mg/1000 g vitamin K1 (Normal diet + K1, high-fat diet + K1) and 200 mg/1000 g vitamin K2 (Normal diet + K2, high-fat diet + K2) for 12 weeks^[4].

Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

• [1]. Basset GJ, et al. Phylloquinone (Vitamin K1): Occurrence, Biosynthesis and Functions. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2016 Jun 22.

  [2]. Orlando A, et al. Vitamin K1 exerts antiproliferative effects and induces apoptosis in three differently graded human colon cancer cell lines. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:296721.

  [3]. Ibarrola-Jurado N, et al. Dietary phylloquinone intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in elderly subjects at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Nov;96(5):1113-8.

  [4]. Kim M, et al. Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) and K2 (menaquinone-4) supplementation improves bone formation in a high-fat diet-induced obese mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2013 Sep;53(2):108-13.

  [5]. Hemmati AA, et al. Topical vitamin K1 promotes repair of full thickness wound in rat. Indian J Pharmacol. 2014 Jul-Aug;46(4):409-12.